Glossary of terms

This page provides a glossary, which defines terms used across this website. For easy reference, the terms appear in alphabetic order.

Error
The difference between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition. (IEEE.) Contrast with fault and failure.
Failure
The inability of a system or component to perform its required functions within the specified performance requirement. (IEEE.) Contrast with error and fault.
Fault
An incorrect step, process, or data definition in a program. (IEEE.) Contrast with error and failure.
Fault tolerance
To avoid service failures in the presence of faults. (Avizienis, et al.)
Reliability
The probability of failure-free software operation for a specified period of time. (IEEE)
Software fault
A fault that lies in the software (as opposed to in the hardware). Note) In a context where it is clear that software is discussed, the shorter term fault may be used.
SQL injection
A technique where a malicious adversary attacks applications, by inserting specifically crafted SQL statements into an entry field for execution.